Ingestion of Buckeye nuts can be a source of poisoning for cattle in Tennessee.Generally, cattle, as well as other animals that ingest buckeyes can experience toxic effects and
in some instances, end in death. But, it is more likely to occur when forage is limited or the
cattle are bored. So, the problem may not be an issue this fall.
Buckeye trees are found in woods throughout Tennessee where the soil is rich and moist
and most of the time it will be as a single tree. They are sometime referred to as “Horse
Chestnuts.”
Buckeye poisoning can occur from consuming sprouts that grow around a tree, leaves and
nuts from the tree. Cattle, sheep and pigs can be affected. Animals should not have access to
wooded areas when forage is limited. If sprouts are present in pastures, they should be
“grubbed” out. The tree does not produce timber of any value. Buckeyes are also toxic to
humans but, not squirrels. It appears that squirrels do not eat the poisonous part of the nuts.
Poisoning occurs due to glycosides, especially one called aesculin and perhaps a narcotic
alkaloid. Buckeye poisoning affects the central nervous system of cattle. Symptoms include
staggering, weakness, severe trembling and in some instances, vomiting. Coma usually precedes
death. Colic has been reported in horses.
Although the conditions for buckeye poisoning are limited this fall, it would be a good
practice to observe the cattle and scout the pasture for buckeye trees and restrict cattle’s access.
In the “long run,” remove any mature trees and sprouts.
For more information about this topic please call Bruce Steelman UT Extension Office at 615-563-2554
